-Irish Republic formally declared at Cork after the War of the French Revolution (1792-1804) > Great Irish Rebellion (1796-9)

-and a Government serving as an executive directory on the French model

-in 1797, the United Irishmen successfully take Dublin

-Council of Three Hundred named to serve as Ireland's legislature

-with that, Wolfe Tone resigns post as President of Government (but still remains leading figure)

-formally known as Lord Edward Fitzgerald

-but cast off this title with the declaration of a republic in favor of "Citizen", or as he says, "Paddy"

-organizes a campaign of warfare based on the croppy soldier

-seeking to win with irregular warfare, and "crop warfare" becomes a term for this sort of conflict

-wave of assassinations and the like

-a United Irishmen attack launched on the Irish Parliament headquartered in Armagh sees a lot of Irish peers assassinated

-when Dublin's lines fall and Hoche killed in the field, Fitzgerald refuses to flee, and goes down with the ship

-when British troops enter into Parliament House, he simply allows them to capture him

-his trial is the trial of the century

-and because he's a peer, he has privilege of being tried in the House of Lords

-a truly filmy act where he repeatedly denies the title of Lord in favor of "Paddy"

-ends with him declaring he fought for the unity and independence of the Irish people

-found guilty of being hung, drawn and quartered

-refuses having this punishment commuted

-accepts this brutal execution bravely, to the amazement of many

-to posterity, Lord Edward Fitzgerald, or "Paddy", is remembered as one of the greatest revolutionaries of all time

-and as a youth icon

-leads small movement which constantly is on the move in crop warfare

-ultimately captured and summarily executed

1847-1856: Charles Herbert (Radical)

-sees disintegration of repeal assoc after death of "father of the nation" o'connell, more radical irish confed emerges

-elections are for radicals due to popularity of baines

-made tentative steps towards land reform, with recognition of custom of ulster

1856-1860: Isaac Butt (Moderate)

1858 def. George Henry Moore (Radical)

-establishes denominational schools with govt funding for all religions

-unseated by baines, due to assembly responsibility not established

1860-1862: George Henry Moore (Radical)

1861 def. Isaac Butt (Moderate)

-constantly opposed by assembly members for not following assembly responsibility

-measures consistently frustrated

-eventually goes on to resign, allow isaac butt to take over, in what is instrumental to the formation of assembly responsibilty convention

1862-1873: Isaac Butt (Moderate)

1864 def. George Henry Moore (Radical)

1867 def. Sean O'Connor (Radical)

1870 def. Sean O'Connor (Radical)

-crisis gives him popularity with people who otherwise prefer radicals, wins landslide

-opposed to burgeoning land reform movement but still enables very limited redistribution

-popularity eventually dissipates over his latent toryism, results in radical victory

1873-1882: Sean O'Connor (Radical)

1873 def. Isaac Butt (Moderate)

1876 def. John Parnell (Moderate)

1879 def. John Parnell (Moderate)

-institutes more radical land reform

-defends and promotes irish language, funds irish schools

1882-1891: John Parnell (Moderate)

1882 def. Sean O'Connor (Old Radical), [some name](New Radical)

1885 def. Sean O'Connor (Radical), [some name](Fenian)

-radical party split between old and new radicals, primarily land focused with new radicals believing land reform too moderate

1891-1896: John Redmond (Moderate)

1896-1901: John Redmond (Moderate-Radical Alliance)

-firmly catholic but belongs to established family, shows weakening religious divides and rise of anti-fenian sentiments

1901-1902: [some name](Fenian)

-successfully gains recognition of full irish legislative independence in some areas

1901-xxxx: [some name](Radical-Moderate Alliance)